Shankar and Rickwood reported Balanitis xerotica obliterans in 84 % of phimosis patients.
2.
Rickwood reported Balanitis xerotica obliterans in 20 of 21 patients circumcised for pathological phimosis.
3.
In men, this genital involvement has traditionally been known as balanitis xerotica obliterans ( BXO ).
4.
Mallon " et al . " found that Balanitis xerotica obliterans was related to circumcision status.
5.
Clemmensen " et al . " reported Balanitis xerotica obliterans in 14.2 % of phimosis patients.
6.
However, Balanitis xerotica obliterans has also been noted to occur after late circumcision, especially when performed for phimosis.
7.
Kiss " et al . " report that 40 % of boys with phimosis suffered from Balanitis xerotica obliterans.
8.
Bale reported that Balanitis xerotica obliterans was found in 19 % of circumcisions performed for diseases of the prepuce and penis.
9.
Mattioli observed Balanitis xerotica obliterans in 60 % of patients with acquired phimosis and 30 % of patients with congenital phimosis.
10.
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus ( thought to be the same condition as balanitis xerotica obliterans ) is regarded as a common ( or even the main ) cause of pathological phimosis.
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