Inductive arguments lack deductive validity and must therefore be asserted or denied in the premises.
2.
The notion of deductive validity can be rigorously stated for systems of formal logic in terms of the well-understood notions of semantics.
3.
Whereas the notion of deductive validity can be rigorously stated for systems of formal logic in terms of the well-understood notions of semantics, inductive validity requires us to define a reliable generalization of some set of observations.
4.
For example, the notion of deductive validity ( where an inference is deductively valid if and only if there is no possible situation in which all the premises are true but the conclusion false ) exists in an analogy to the notion of inductive validity, or " strength ", where an inference is inductively strong if and only if its premises give some degree of probability to its conclusion.
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