Each of the four velocity regimes requires firms to maintain different forms of temporal fit ( i . e ., the entrainment of multiple organizational paces ) and temporal coordination ( i . e ., managing the interdependences between organizational paces ).
2.
Since the magnitude of "'U "'is a constant, the four acceleration is orthogonal to the four velocity, i . e . the Minkowski inner product of the four-acceleration and the four-velocity is zero: