This wave generates Hall currents that interact and modify the electromagnetic field.
2.
Ionospheric resistance has a complex nature, and leads to a secondary Hall current flow.
3.
Some of the electrons spiral down towards the anode, circulating around the spike in a Hall current.
4.
Therefore, a vertical polarization field builds up generating a horizontal Hall current which adds to the Pedersen current.
5.
Near the geomagnetic dip equator, a west-east directed electric field generates vertical Hall currents which cannot close.
6.
This current is able to renormalize to larger scales and eventually becomes the Hall current that rotates along the edge of the sample.
7.
This orbital rotation of the electrons is a circulating Hall current, and it is from this that the Hall thruster gets its name.
8.
A topological sector corresponds to an integer number of rotations and it is now visible macroscopically, in the robustly quantized behavior of the measurable Hall current.
9.
Because the majority of electrons are trapped in the Hall current, they have a long residence time inside the thruster and are able to ionize almost all of the xenon propellant, allowing mass utilizations of 90 99 %.
मोबाइल