In LiDCO, the independent calibration technique is lithium chloride dilution using the Stewart-Hamilton principle.
2.
The distinction between diffeomorphic metric mapping forming the basis for LDDMM and the earliest methods of diffeomorphic mapping is the introduction of a Hamilton principle of least-action in which large deformations are selected of shortest length corresponding to geodesic flows.
3.
In PiCCO, transpulmonary thermodilution, which uses the Stewart-Hamilton principle but measures temperatures changes from central venous line to a central arterial line, i . e ., the femoral or axillary arterial line, is used as the calibrating technique.