ICC hired Hamburg S�d to transport the goods, and Hamburg S�d issued ICC a bill of lading that also invoked COGSA protections and included a Himalaya clause.
2.
The United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia ruled Norfolk Southern could limit its liability to Kirby on the basis of the Himalaya clause in the Hamburg S�d contract.
3.
As the Himalaya clause in the Hamburg S�d bill incorporated COGSA, which specified that liability was limited to $ 500 per package, and the shipment was packed in ten containers, Norfolk Southern's total liability was therefore $ 5000.
4.
ICC issued Kirby a bill of lading, which invoked liability limitations provided by the " Carriage of Goods by Sea Act " ( COGSA ), as well as a Himalaya clause which extended ICC's limitations of liability to companies ICC hired.
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