The more easily used field character, absolute length of free scale, obtainable from an open cone even without cutting, was found to be 99 % reliable by Daubenmire ( 1974 ), who characterized the pure species thus:
12.
Where \ Phi _ i represents the fertility of e _ i, each source word s is assigned a fertility distribution n, and I and J refer to the absolute lengths of the target and source sentences, respectively.
13.
Note : " The Sky " was omitted in CD editions released during the 1980s and 1990s due to efforts to make the whole double-LP to fit to one CD . This track is included in recent CD editions ( the absolute length of audio CDs has increased over the years due to more efficient designing systems ) along with the previously unreleased track " The Clouds ".
