| 11. | The sympathetic nervous system, acting via splanchnic nerves to the adrenal medulla, stimulates the release of adrenaline.
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| 12. | They are concentrated near the adrenal glands and essentially function the same way as the adrenal medulla.
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| 13. | But since other body tissues also produce catecholamines, life can go on even if the adrenal medulla fails.
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| 14. | The two exceptions mentioned above are postganglionic neurons of sweat glands and chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.
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| 15. | It was initially isolated in 1993 from a pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla : hence the name.
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| 16. | Unlike other sympathetic ganglia, however, the adrenal medulla lacks distinct synapses and releases its secretions directly into the blood.
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| 17. | Because it is innervated by preganglionic nerve fibers, the adrenal medulla can be considered as a specialized sympathetic ganglion.
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| 18. | In the adrenal medulla, acetylcholine is used as a neurotransmitter, and the receptor is of the " nicotinic " type.
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| 19. | Norepinephrine transporters are confined to the neurons of the sympathetic system, and those innervating the adrenal medulla, lung, and placenta.
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| 20. | Release of the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla of the adrenal glands is part of the fight-or-flight response.
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