This is possibly due to the effects of volcanism causing local extinction, and the species was unable to recolonise affected catchments as it has lost the highly mobile amphidromous life cycle.
12.
""'Stiphodon multisquamus " "'is a species of amphidromous freshwater goby found in Da Nang, Guangdong, southern Hainan, Okinawa Island and Pulau Tioman.
13.
Many have an amphidromous lifecycle : the eggs are laid in fresh water, but the fry are dispersed to sea soon after hatching, and grow there for several months before returning to fresh water.
