These loads are instead transferred non-uniformly through the " anulus fibrosus ", which undergoes progressive, structural deterioration.
12.
The load is transferred to the anulus which, if it fails to bear the increased load, can lead to the development of fissures.
13.
Exploration missions on planetary surfaces may also introduce habitability issues that could induce excessive torsional stress, an established risk factor for herniation of anulus fibrosus.
14.
The spinal discs are composed of a tough spongiform ring of cartilage ( " anulus fibrosus " ) with a more malleable center ( " nucleus pulposus " ).
15.
There may also be shrinkage of the nucleus pulposus that produces prolapse or folding of the anulus fibrosus with secondary osteophyte formation at the margins of the adjacent vertebral body.
16.
When the " anulus fibrosus " tears due to an injury or the aging process, the " nucleus pulposus " can begin to extrude through the tear.
17.
A hole ( or'ori�ce') tone is produced by a fast-moving cylinder ( or'vena contracta') of air that interacts with the slow-moving anulus of air surrounding it.
18.
In the alternative, the healing of trauma to the outer anulus fibrosus may result in the innervation of the scar tissue and pain impulses from the disc, as these nerves become inflamed by nucleus pulposus material.
19.
Spinal disc herniation, more commonly called a " slipped disc ", is the result of a tear in the outer ring ( anulus fibrosus ) of the intervertebral disc, which lets some of the soft gel-like material, the nucleus pulposus, bulge out in a hernia.
20.
Herniation of the contents of the disc into the spinal canal often occurs when the anterior side ( stomach side ) of the disc is compressed while sitting or bending forward, and the contents ( nucleus pulposus ) get pressed against the tightly stretched and thinned membrane ( anulus fibrosus ) on the posterior side ( back side ) of the disc.
