Some fruit trees have strong apical dominance, and young trees can become " leggy ", with poor side limb development.
12.
Plant physiology describes apical dominance as the control exerted by the terminal bud ( and shoot apex ) over the outgrowth of lateral buds.
13.
Once the apical dominance has been lifted from the plant, elongation and lateral growth is promoted and the lateral buds grow into new branches.
14.
The terminal bud is produced at the farthest point away from the stolon attachment and tubers thus show the same apical dominance as a normal stem.
15.
Most plants show apical dominance, but phytoplasma infection can cause the proliferation of auxiliary ( side ) shoots and an increase in size of the internodes.
16.
Axillary bud do not become actively growing shoots on plants with strong apical dominance ( the tendency to grow just the terminal bud on the main stem ).
17.
Additionally, it may also lead to leaf-tip and bud necrosis in some cases, which often leads to loss of apical dominance in the shoots.
18.
These trees are intended to be grown in small gardens, and their strong apical dominance combined with a dwarfing rootstock gives a compact narrow tree with very short fruiting side branches.
19.
Apical dominance can be reduced in this case, or in cases where limbs are broken off by accident, by cutting off the auxin flow above side buds that one wishes to stimulate.
20.
Manipulating this natural response to damage ( known as the principle of apical dominance ) by processes such as pruning ( as well as coppicing and pollarding ) allows the arborist to determine the shape, size, and productivity of many fruiting trees and bushes.
