The ilium of the human is divisible into two parts, the body and the ala; the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum.
12.
It presents a large, smooth, concave surface, called the iliac fossa, which gives origin to the Iliacus and is perforated at its inner part by a nutrient canal; and below this a smooth, rounded border, the arcuate line, which runs downward, forward, and medialward.
13.
The lesser pelvis is bounded in front and below by the pubic symphysis and the superior rami of the pubes; above and behind, by the sacrum and coccyx; and laterally, by a broad, smooth, quadrangular area of bone, corresponding to the inner surfaces of the body and superior ramus of the ischium, and the part of the arcuate line.
14.
The first of his two landmark publications in laryngeal anatomy, " Untersuchung �ber das menschliche Stimmband " ( Investigation into the human vocal fold ), in which he described the superior and inferior arcuate lines as the boundaries of the squamous epithelium of the vocal fold, and of the tissue layer which now bears his name, was published in the same year.
15.
Each corresponds with the lateral border of the rectus abdominis, extends from the cartilage of the ninth rib to the pubic tubercle, and is formed by the aponeurosis of the internal oblique at its line of division to enclose the rectus, reinforced anteriorly by the external oblique and posteriorly by the transversus abdominis above the arcuate line ( also known as " linea semicircularis " or " Douglas'line " ).
