The retroperitoneal regions include the oral cavity, esophagus, pylorus of the stomach, distal duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon and anal canal.
12.
Of the colon, the ascending colon, descending colon and rectum are retroperitoneal, while the cecum, appendix, transverse colon and sigmoid colon are intraperitoneal.
13.
The degree of involvement endoscopically ranges from proctitis or inflammation of the rectum, to left sided colitis, to pancolitis, which is inflammation involving the ascending colon.
14.
Specifically, contributions to the Superior Mesenteric Ganglion arise from CN X . This nerve goes on to innervate the small intestine, the ascending colon and the transverse colon.
15.
The right ( lateral ) paracolic gutter runs from the superiolateral aspect of the hepatic flexure of the colon, down the lateral aspect of the ascending colon, and around the caecum.
16.
Left-sided diverticular disease ( involving the sigmoid colon ) is most common in the West, while right-sided diverticular disease ( involving the ascending colon ) is more common in Asia and Africa.
17.
In some cases FAP can manifest higher in the colon than usual ( for example, the ascending colon, or proximal to the splenic flexure, or in the gastric or duodenal tracts ) where they show no symptoms until cancer is present and greatly advanced.
18.
A human colon is considered abnormally enlarged if it has a diameter greater than 12 cm in the cecum ( it is usually less than 9 cm ), greater than 6.5 cm in the rectosigmoid region and greater than 8 cm for the ascending colon.
19.
The next branch from the abdominal aorta is the superior mesenteric artery, which supplies the regions of the digestive tract derived from the midgut, which includes the distal 2 / 3 of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and the proximal 2 / 3 of the transverse colon.
20.
The mesentery associated with the ascending colon and descending colon is resorbed, bringing these parts of the colon into close contact with the body wall . " To reconcile these differences, several theories of embryologic mesenteric development including the " regression " and " sliding " theories have been proposed, but none has been widely accepted.
