It may appear similar to a diaphragm or be funnel-shaped, bandlike, entirely intact ( imperforate ) or contain one or more openings ( fenestrations ) ranging from small, restrictive-type to large and widely open . In the pediatric population, this anomaly may be associated with major congenital cardiac lesions such as tetralogy of Fallot, double outlet right ventricle, coarctation of the aorta, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, persistent left superior vena cava with unroofed coronary sinus, ventricular septal defect, atrioventricular septal ( endocardial cushion ) defect, and common atrioventricular canal.
