In Europe flying from April to June, depending on the microclimate of the habitat locally bivoltine, flying from April to June and from August to September.
12.
""'Perdita portalis " "'is a species of communal, ground nesting, partially bivoltine bees found in arid grasslands and desert regions.
13.
In Great Britain and France this bee is bivoltine and is partially so in the Netherlands The males usually emerge first and wait around the nests seeking females to mate with and are active for about three weeks.
14.
The food plants are from the family Umbelliferae, and include fennel ( " Foeniculum vulgare " ), giant fennel ( " Ferula communis " ), Corsican rue ( " Ruta corsica " ) and " Peucedanum paniculatum " though some of these records are disputed . " Papilio hospiton " is bivoltine with broods in May and August.
