Osteoporosis ( postmeno-pausal ) Routine bone densitometry ( Not enough evidence : C ) Ovarian cancer Routine pelvic exams, ultrasound or blood tests for tumor antigens in high-risk women ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine pelvic exams, ultrasound, or blood tests for tumor antigens for all others ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Pregnancy complications Blood testing for Rh incompatibility!
12.
_Tests rated A Bladder cancer Checking urine for blood or cancer cells ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Breast cancer Mammograms ( age 50-69 ); ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Mammograms ( over age 70 ) ( Not enough evidence : C ) Mammograms ( age 40-49 ) ( Not enough evidence : C ) Breast self-exam ( Not enough evidence : C ) Cervical cancer Pap tests Colorectal cancer Annual test for blood in stool samples ( age 50 + ) ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Periodic sigmoidoscopy ( age 50 plus ) ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Digital rectal exam ( Not enough evidence : C ) Diabetes Routine blood or urine tests for non-insulin-dependent diabetes ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine tests for diabetes during pregnancy ( Not enough evidence : C ) Antibody testing for insulin-dependent diabetes ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Hearing problems Asking older adults about hearing problems ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Testing of adolescents and working-age adults ( Not enough evidence : C ) Testing children over 3 ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Heart disease Blood pressure monitoring ( over age 21 ) Cholesterol / other lipid screening ( for men 35-65, women 45-65 ) ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Cholesterol / other lipid screening ( over age 65 ) ( Not enough evidence : C ) Electrocardiogram ( EKG ) for middle-aged or older adults ( Not enough evidence : C ) Lead poisoning Routine blood tests for high-risk children ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Routine blood tests for pregnant women ( Not enough evidence : C ) Lung cancer Chest X-rays ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Neonatal problems Blood testing for hemoglobin abnormalities Blood testing for phenylketonuria Blood testing for congenital hypothyroidism Osteoporosis ( postmeno-pausal ) Routine bone densitometry ( Not enough evidence : C ) Ovarian cancer Routine pelvic exams, ultrasound or blood tests for tumor antigens in high-risk women ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine pelvic exams, ultrasound, or blood tests for tumor antigens for all others ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Pregnancy complications Blood testing for Rh incompatibility Blood pressure testing for pre-eclampsia ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Blood testing for neural-tube defects ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Amniocentesis in high-risk women, blood testing in low-risk women for Down syndrome ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Routine ultrasound in second trimester ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine ultrasound in third trimester ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Prostate cancer Annual digital rectal exam, PSA ( prostate-specific antigen ) blood test in men over 50 ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Skin cancer Total body exam by clinician ( Not enough evidence : C ) Total body self-exam ( Not enough evidence : C ) Testicular cancer Routine self-exam ( Not enough evidence : C ) Exam by a clinician ( Not enough evidence : C ) Thyroid cancer Routine neck palpation or ultrasound for high-risk adults or children ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine neck palpation or ultrasound for all others ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Thyroid disease Routine thyroid function tests for high-risk persons ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine thyroid function tests for all others ( Not worthwhile D and E ) Vision problems Routine tests for pre-schoolchildren and elderly ( Worthwhile : A and B ) Routine glaucoma testing ( Not enough evidence : C ) Routine vision testing for older children, adolescents and adults ( Not enough evidence : C ) SOURCE : US Preventive Services Task Force, Report of December 1995
