This was especially key at the time as the rule of the Emperor Manuel I Comnenos was noted for its autocratic style and caesaropapism, and though idiosyncratic, generally made the patriarchate subservient directly to the needs of the state.
12.
Wycliffe's followers were known as Lollards and followed his lead in advocating Predestination, Iconoclasm, and Caesaropapism, while attacking the veneration of Saints, the Sacraments, Requiem Masses, Transubstantiation, monasticism, and the very existence of the Papacy.
13.
In its extreme form, caesaropapism is a political theory in which the head of state, notably the Emperor ('Caesar', by extension a'superior'King ), is also the supreme head of the church ('papa', pope or analogous religious leader ).
14.
In the areas under his control, Justinian I established caesaropapism as the constitution of the Church in a scheme according to which the emperor " had the right and duty of regulating by his laws the minutest detail of worship and discipline, and also of dictating the theological opinions to be held in the Church ".
15.
Justinian definitively established Caesaropapism, According to the entry in Liddell & Scott, the term " orthodox " first occurs in the Codex Justinianus : " We direct that all Catholic churches, throughout the entire world, shall be placed under the control of the orthodox bishops who have embraced the Nicene Creed ."
16.
According to the opinion of W . Jordan, the divine right of kings was dealt a blow from which it never completely recovered, yet it should be noted that unfettered authority and Caesaropapism was not something the later Mediaevals and Early Moderns understood by the phrase " by the grace of God " ( which many of them ardently defended ).
17.
:: Here is the problem : I followed a link from Google which was to an article in http : / / en . m . wikipedia . org, which rendered in the " new look, " and from which i went to the sample article linked above, but that was an internal link rather than http : / / en . m . wikipedia . org / wiki / Caesaropapism.
