In July 1997, the Mayo Clinic announced that it had received reports of 24 cases in which patients using fen-phen had been diagnosed with cardiac valve disease.
12.
Some people, such as those with immunodeficiency, short bowel syndrome, central venous catheters, cardiac valve disease and premature infants, may be at higher risk for adverse events.
13.
This gene has been implicated in coordinating cardiac proliferation, regional specification and increased Tbx20 expression was shown to cause congenital atrial septal defects, patent foramen ovale and cardiac valve defects.
14.
Consequently, most of the cardiac valve replacements used bioprosthetic { porcine tissue ] that required no anticoagulant therapy post operative, compared to the mechanical artificial valve that did require anticoagulents.
15.
Some people, such as those with a compromised immune system, short bowel syndrome, central venous catheters, cardiac valve disease and premature infants, may be at higher risk for adverse events.
16.
In this rapidly growing business, Sorin Biomedica was able to benefit from technological cross fertilization and to leverage its twenty years of experience in developing artificial cardiac valves, particularly those using CarboFilm technology.
17.
There has been one reported case where a woman possibly had infective endocarditis from bacteremia following the use of a tongue cleaner . [ 19 ] Individuals with previous infective endocarditis and high-risk cardiac valves may be at a higher risk from bacteremia.
18.
It is unclear whether M�nckeberg's arteriosclerosis is a distinct entity or forms part of a spectrum of vascular calcification that includes atherosclerosis and calcification in the inner layer of the artery wall ( tunica intima ), calcification of the internal elastic lamina, calcification of cardiac valves and widespread soft tissue calcification.
19.
Velocity measurements allow assessment of cardiac valve areas and function, any abnormal communications between the left and right side of the heart, any leaking of blood through the valves ( valvular regurgitation ), calculation of the cardiac output and calculation of E / A ratio ( a measure of diastolic dysfunction ).
