People with a highly-developed logical-mathematical intelligence understand the underlying principles of some kind of causal system, the way a scientist or logician does; or can manipulate numbers, quantities, and operations, the way a mathematician does.
12.
Shewhart concluded that while every process displays variation, some processes display controlled variation that is natural to the process, while others display uncontrolled variation that is not present in the process causal system at all times.
13.
This question avoids the difficult philosophical problem of pre-defining the verb " to think " and focuses instead on the performance capacities that being able to think makes possible, and how a causal system can generate them.
14.
Dr . Shewhart concluded that while every process displays variation, some processes display controlled variation that is natural to the process, while others display uncontrolled variation that is not present in the process causal system at all times.
15.
At the same time he shows that doing so is difficult as it commits oneself to beliefs not commonly accepted in the scientific community such as the existence of non-causal systems ( something not observed to date ).
16.
This is sometimes interpreted to reflect the imperfect knowledge of a deterministic system but other times interpreted to mean that the causal system under study has an inherently indeterministic nature . ( Propensity probability is an analogous idea, according to which probabilities have an objective existence and are not just limitations in a subject's knowledge ).
