| 11. | Olfactory groove subfrontal types can reach the chiasm from above.
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| 12. | These axons form the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract.
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| 13. | The optic chiasm is formed by the union of the two optic nerves.
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| 14. | Tuberculum sellae and sphenoid planum meningiomas usually compress the optic chiasm from below.
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| 15. | If the meningioma arises from the diaphragma sellae the posterior chiasm is damaged.
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| 16. | Intrinsic implies thickening of the chiasm itself and extrinsic implies compression by another structure.
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| 17. | Lesions in the body of the chiasm most commonly disrupt the crossing nasal retinal fibers.
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| 18. | From the optic disc visual information travels through the optic nerve and into the optic chiasm.
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| 19. | Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm.
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| 20. | The role of Nogo in signaling at the chiasm, however, is still under active study.
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