| 11. | Reduction of the carboxylic acid functional groups in the cinnamic acids provides the corresponding aldehydes, such as cinnamaldehyde.
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| 12. | Only a few identified compounds, such as anigorufone and curcumin, use cinnamic acid as their start molecule.
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| 13. | Phenylalanine is first converte to cinnamic acid by the action of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ( PAL ).
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| 14. | Phenylalanine is first converted to cinnamic acid by the action of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ( PAL ).
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| 15. | Phenylalanine is lysated into cinnamic acid, followed by hydroxylation by cinnamate 4-hydroxylase to yield 4-coumaric acid.
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| 16. | "' 3, 4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid "'is a cinnamic acid derivative isolated from coffee beans.
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| 17. | His investigations in the aromatic series include isomerism of the cinnamic acids and the synthesis of tyrosine from phenylalanine ( 1882 ).
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| 18. | He then confirmed this assumption by reacting diethyl malonate and the ethyl ester of cinnamic acid forming the very first Michael adduct:
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| 19. | Some resins when soft are known as'oleoresins', and when containing benzoic acid or cinnamic acid they are called balsams.
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| 20. | The balsam contains a fairly large amount of benzyl and cinnamyl esters of benzoic and cinnamic acid ( benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate ).
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