For example, a 2009 study by J . Creighton, N . Heflin, and M . Belk on burying beetles provided " unconfounded support " for the costs of reproduction.
12.
In this form of copulation, the individual that first penetrates the other with the penis, forces the other to be female, thus carrying the majority of the cost of reproduction.
13.
Furthermore, it seemed reasonable that an open records request cost for production should be the actual cost of reproduction, not the cost that the DPS had charged commercial users for these records.
14.
A fee may only be charged to applicants for copies of the document requested and have to be reasonable and aiming at only covering the actual costs of reproduction and document delivery.
15.
Despite this, the diet changes little between seasons, except that females will consume more high-protein, low-fiber items, such as young leaves and flowers, during pregnancy and lactation in order to offset the energy costs of reproduction.
16.
People are allowed to make unmodified copies of the document and distribute as they please, as long as they don t charge any more than the cost of reproduction and don t incorporate it into another product.
17.
The mother hypothesis suggests that menopause was selected for humans because of the extended development period of human offspring and high costs of reproduction so that mothers gain an advantage in reproductive fitness by redirecting their effort from new offspring with a low survival chance to existing children with a higher survival chance.
