An alternative way to regard the higher yields of credit instruments is to regard them as being priced off different yield curves, where these credit curves lie above the reference curve.
12.
"Under a gold standard, the amount of credit that an economy can support is determined by the economy's tangible assets, since every credit instrument is ultimately a claim on some tangible asset.
13.
Palocci also pointed to several initiatives aimed at reducing the cost of capital and improving institutional efficiency, including the creation of new private credit instruments, a new bankruptcy law and simplification of tax legislation.
14.
The effect of credit instruments is, that actual payments are removed in space and time from the trade in debt obligations, and indeed the trade in debt can occur without necessarily involving " any " transactions with real money.
15.
To attract investment and to ease access to credit, the government allowed investors in 2007 to receive loans and other credit instruments from foreign banks, and to repay the loans and any accrued interest through local banks using project proceeds.
16.
The DOF official explained that floating the credit instrument at the most appropriate time would induce the corporate sector to similarly tap bond markets, thereby increasing the country's level of gross international reserves ( GIR ) and improving cashflow within the system.
17.
Earlier in the decade, in response to the economic downturn caused by the September 11, 2001 attacks, the Federal Reserve lowered its target interest rates which, along with securitized credit instruments ( legacy assets ), caused increased credit availability for real estate loans.
18.
Interest rates can vary considerably from card to card, and the interest rate on a particular card may jump dramatically if the card user is late with a payment on that card " or any other credit instrument ", or even if the issuing bank decides to raise its revenue.
19.
But already by that time numerous Muslim scholars had written on economic issues, and early Muslim leaders had shown sophisticated attempts to enforce fiscal and monetary financing, use deficit financing, use taxes to encourage production, the use of credit instruments for banking, including rudimentary savings and checking accounts, and contract law.
20.
(Sec . 193 ) Prohibits use of transportation infrastructure finance and innovation ( TIFIA ) program funds made available under this Act to subsidize a credit instrument that would cause the credit subsidy obligated in FY2015 for transportation infrastructure projects in a single state to exceed 33 % of the total credit subsidy made available by this Act on October 1, 2014.
