High levels of the glycolytic intermediate fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate induce the re-association of the dimeric form of PKM2 to the tetrameric form.
12.
In contrast, the "'dimeric form of M2-PK "'has a low affinity for phosphoenolpyruvate, being nearly inactive at physiological PEP concentrations.
13.
Meanwhile, the "'dimeric form of PKM2 "'is characterized by a low affinity to its substrate PEP and is nearly inactive at physiological PEP concentrations.
14.
The IgA dimeric form is the most prevalent and is also called " secretory IgA " ( sIgA ) . sIgA is the main immunoglobulin found in opsonises only weakly.
15.
When M2-PK is mainly in the less active dimeric form, energy is produced by the degradation of the amino acid glutamine to aspartate, pyruvate and lactate, which is termed glutaminolysis.
16.
As a consequence, glucose is converted to pyruvate and lactate with the production of energy until fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate levels drop below a critical value to allow dissociation to the dimeric form.
17.
In contrast to the closely homologous PKM1, which always occurs in a highly active tetrameric form and which is not allosterically regulated, PKM2 may occur in a tetrameric form but also in a dimeric form.
18.
M1 and M2 isozymes are regulated by the gene PKM and R and L isozymes are regulated by the gene PKLR . In terms of structure, there is both a tetrameric and dimeric form of pyruvate kinase.
19.
"' Pantethine "'( bis-pantethine or co-enzyme pantethine ) is a dimeric form of pantetheine, which is produced from pantothenic acid ( vitamin B 5 ) by the addition of cysteamine.
20.
The chemical name acetone peroxide is most commonly used to refer to the cyclic trimer, obtained by a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and acetone in an acid-catalyzed nucleophilic addition, although various further monomeric and dimeric forms are possible.
