| 11. | Among adolescent girls, dysmenorrhea is the leading cause of recurrent short-term school absence.
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| 12. | The plant is mentioned in the ancient Indian digestive system disorders, dysmenorrhea and other maladies.
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| 13. | Painful menstrual cramps that result from an excess of prostaglandin release are referred to as primary dysmenorrhea.
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| 14. | Rarely, congenital malformations, intrauterine devices, certain cancers, and pelvic infections cause secondary dysmenorrhea.
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| 15. | It has not been shown to be effective for asthma, headache, hypertension, or dysmenorrhea.
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| 16. | Dysmenorrhea essentially was extreme pain and disability associated with the menstrual cycle ( Seward, 1944 ).
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| 17. | Primary dysmenorrhea usually begins within a year or two of menarche, typically with the onset of ovulatory cycles.
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| 18. | This is because dysmenorrhea is often associated with changes in hormonal levels in the body that occur with ovulation.
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| 19. | Actions : Induces sweating, warms and unblocks channels, unblocks yang qi of the chest, treats dysmenorrhea.
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| 20. | Patients with adenomyosis often present with painful and / or profuse menses ( dysmenorrhea & menorrhagia, respectively ).
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