The symbol " ?! " is used instead of " = " because the two sides are not necessarily interchangeable, as discussed cgs units for an electric displacement field ( D ) are related by:
12.
In terms of Maxwell's equations in a dielectric, this gives a relationship between the electric displacement field "'D "'and the electric field "'E " ':
13.
In electromagnetism, the electric displacement field "'D "'represents how an electric field "'E "'influences the organization of electric charges in a given medium, including charge migration and electric dipole reorientation.
14.
Another aspect of his system was electricity returned via " an equivalent electric displacement " " in the atmosphere via a charged conductive upper layer that he thought existed, The current could be used at the receiver for telecommunications and to drive electrical devices.
15.
For most materials, the electric field " E " and electric displacement field " D " ( as well as the magnetic field " B " and inductive magnetic field " H " ) are parallel to one another.
16.
In which ? i is the relative permittivity along the x, y, or z axis, and R is the reduced displacement vector defined as D i / " 8?W in which D i is the electric displacement vector and W is the field energy.
17.
(integral form ), where is the magnetic field ( also called " auxiliary magnetic field ", " magnetic field intensity ", or just " magnetic field " ), is the electric displacement field, and is the enclosed conduction current or free current density.
18.
Maxwell s equations state that, to satisfy the continuity of the normal component of the electric displacement field "'D "'at an interface, the corresponding E-field must undergo a discontinuity with higher amplitude in the low-refractive-index side.
19.
The free charge density serves as a useful simplification in Gauss's law for electricity; the volume integral of it is the free charge enclosed in a charged object-equal to the net flux of the electric displacement field "'D "'emerging from the object:
