The natural electron drift of the charge carriers causes the magnetic field to apply a Lorentz force ( the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field ) to these charge carriers.
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A further feature of the structure of negative coronas is that as the electrons drift outwards, they encounter neutral molecules and, with electronegative molecules ( such as oxygen and water vapor ), combine to produce negative ions.
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The electron drift velocity is relatively very slow, on the order of a meter an hour but the force between an electron and proton is so enormous that even at this very slow speed the relativistic contraction causes significant effects.
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;Bulk Monte Carlo Tool : calculates the bulk values of the electron drift velocity, electron average energy and electron mobility for electric fields applied in arbitrary crystallographic direction in both column 4 ( Si and Ge ) and III-V ( GaAs, SiC and GaN ) materials.
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In normal real-wporld AC applications, the power cord is long enough and large enough in cross section, and the current is low enough and the frequency high enough that the drift rate is very slow and the same old electrons drift back and forth in the power cord never going more than a few millimeters or centimeters in an average cycle.
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:( restore comment removed by vandal 83.100.250.79 ) " Electricity " can flow much faster than the electron drift . The electrons in the power cord of an AC appliance may move back and forth very slowly and a short distance, 50 or 60 times per second, Lightning ionizes the atoms of the gasses in the air.
