Encoding specificity helps to take into account context cues because of its focus on the retrieval environment, and it also accounts for the fact recognition may not always be superior to recall.
12.
Memory errors due to encoding specificity means that the memory is likely not forgotten, however, the specific cues used during encoding the primary event are now unavailable to help remember the event.
13.
In a similar timeframe, Endel Tulving and Donald Thompson proposed their highly influential'encoding specificity principle', which provided the first framework for how understanding how contextual information affects memory and recall.
14.
One implication of the encoding specificity principle is that forgetting may be caused by the lack of appropriate retrieval cues, as opposed to decay of a memory trace over time or interference from other memories.
15.
The " encoding specificity principle " states that memory utilizes information from the memory trace, or the situation in which it was learned, and from the environment in which it is retrieved.
16.
In 1954, Ervin and Osgood reformulated Weinreich's compound-coordinate representational model and placed further emphasis on the context of language learning, similar to the encoding specificity principle later proposed by Tulving in the 1970s.
17.
They believe that much of the questionability of the processing effects lies between the encoding specificity principle and TAP . The researchers argue that these processing systems function much like Darwin's natural selection theory in that the " fitness " of a species and the " depth of processing " in the levels of processing cannot fully predict the final outcome, meaning the survival and retrievability of the species or the information processed.
