| 11. | The traditional thought was that the extrapyramidal system operated entirely independently of the pyramidal system.
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| 12. | Antipsychotics are often discontinued due to inefficacy and intolerable side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms.
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| 13. | Extrapyramidal symptoms are most commonly caused by typical antipsychotic drugs that antagonize dopamine D2 receptors.
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| 14. | Clozapine is believed to have the highest efficacy and lowest risk of extrapyramidal side effect.
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| 15. | It has predominantly anticholinergic side effects, though extrapyramidal side effects are not uncommon either.
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| 16. | Breastfed children sometimes show extrapyramidal symptoms.
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| 17. | Opisthotonus can sometimes be seen in extrapyramidal side effect of phenothiazines, haloperidol, and metoclopramide.
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| 18. | It produces extrapyramidal symptoms with necrosis of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia.
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| 19. | Primitive reflexes are mediated by extrapyramidal functions, many of which are already present at birth.
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| 20. | He also established a relationship between meningiomas, extrapyramidal disorder, and Parkinson's disease.
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