If the characteristic impedance of the line is known to be 50 ohms, we know the magnitude and phase of the forward wave; it is the same wave present on the other side of the detector.
12.
For example, at a frequency ? = 20 MHz ( free space wavelength of 15 m ) in a transmission line whose velocity factor is 2 / 3, the guided wavelength ( distance between voltage peaks of the forward wave alone ) would be ? = 10 m.
13.
At instances when the forward wave at x = 0 is at zero phase ( peak voltage ) then at x = 10 m it would also be at zero phase, but at x = 5 m it would be at 180?phase ( peak " negative " voltage ).
14.
Because the voltage on a transmission line is always the sum of the forward and reflected waves at that point, if the incident wave amplitude is 1, and the reflected wave is \ alpha, then the amplitude of the forward wave must be sum of the two waves or ( 1 + \ alpha ).
15.
American Frontier "'comprises the geography, history, folklore, and cultural expression of life in the forward wave of American expansion that began with English colonial settlements in the early 18th century and ended with the admission of the last mainland territories as states in 1912 . " Frontier " refers to a contrasting region at the edge of a European-American line of settlement.
