The design and operation of a fractionating column depends on the composition of the feed and as well as the composition of the desired products.
12.
Reflux refers to the portion of the condensed overhead liquid product that returns to the upper part of the fractionating column as shown in Figure 3.
13.
This technique is frequently employed in chemical synthesis; in this case, the component of the still responsible for the separation is a fractionating column.
14.
Fractionating columns help to separate the mixture by helping the mixed vapors to cool, condense, and vaporize again in accordance with Raoult's law.
15.
In a typical fractional distillation, a liquid mixture is heated in the distilling flask, and the resulting vapor rises up the fractionating column ( see Figure 1 ).
16.
For a simpler definition a fraction is a part of the fractionating column where a compound with one boiling point can be separated from other compounds with different boiling points.
17.
However, many industrial fractionating columns have outlets at intervals up the column so that multiple products having different boiling ranges may be withdrawn from a column distilling a multi-component feed stream.
18.
Therefore, it has an initial boiling point of about 35 �C and a final boiling point of about 200 �C . Each cut produced in the fractionating columns has a different boiling range.
19.
In reality, each cycle at a given temperature does not occur at exactly the same position in the fractionating column; " theoretical plate " is thus a concept rather than an accurate description.
20.
This is the specialized capital required for mass production; each workbench and set of tools ( or each CNC cell, or each fractionating column ) is different ( fine-tuned to its task ).
