Error control protocols such as LAPM use frames of variable lengths, each beginning with a header and ending with a frame check sequence trailer ( a cyclic redundancy check ).
12.
The frame ends with a frame check sequence ( FCS ), which is a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check used to detect any in-transit corruption of data.
13.
The frame check sequence ( FCS ) is a 16-bit CRC-CCITT or a 32-bit CRC-32 computed over the Address, Control, and Information fields.
14.
A CCMP Message Integrity Code ( MIC ) which protects the integrity and authenticity of the packet and the frame check sequence ( FCS ) which is used for error detection and correction.
15.
When cut-through switching is used in Ethernet, because the frame check sequence appears at the end of the frame, the switch is not able to verify the integrity of an incoming packet before forwarding it.
16.
A Frame check sequence, which is a type of Checksum and is usually 16 bits ( 2 bytes ) is appended to each packet so the ground station can calculate whether the packet has been received error-free.
17.
If the frame has a maximum sized address of 32 bits, a maximum sized control part of 16 bits and a maximum sized frame check sequence of 16 bits, the overhead per frame could be as high as 64 bits.
