| 11. | Dormant seeding means putting the seed into cold or frozen soil in late fall and leaving it until spring.
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| 12. | The frozen soil and permafrost hosts many microbial communities that are tolerant of anoxic, acid, saline and cold conditions.
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| 13. | Seeds have been shown to survive in frozen soil of temperatures as low as, attesting to their aptitude as overwintering structures.
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| 14. | A frozen soil barrier is being constructed in order to prevent ongoing exposure of running groundwater with melted down nuclear fuel.
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| 15. | Preserved in the frozen soil of Alaska are clues to an unknown land, where muskoxen and wild horses roarmed alongside woolly mammoths.
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| 16. | In Iowa, frozen soils and shallow water tables and bedrock rule out burials in about 40 percent of the state, Glanville said.
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| 17. | In spring thaw, the ground thaws from the top down, so water is trapped between the pavement above and the still-frozen soil underneath.
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| 18. | Although there are still environmental suits pending that could interrupt the work, the first pilings have already been driven into the frozen soil.
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| 19. | Cathole trowels are used by ruled sides to measure for proper cathole depth or jagged edges for cutting through roots or frozen soil.
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| 20. | However, even they could become stuck in swamp mud in the Kalguty river valley, especially after a sunny day when frozen soil begins thawing.
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