In some species, a layer of hair-like filaments called glycostyles protrudes from the glycocalyx.
12.
In microvascular tissue, the glycocalyx serves as a vascular permeability barrier by inhibiting coagulation and leukocyte adhesion.
13.
Whatever the stimulus is, however, shedding of the glycocalyx leads to a drastic increase in vascular permeability.
14.
They range from glycoproteins in cell surface membranes that constitute the glycocalyx, to important antibodies produced by leukocytes.
15.
It was hypothesized that hypoxic perfusion of the glycocalyx was sufficient to initiate a degradation mechanism of the endothelial barrier.
16.
Thus, fluorescence light microscopy should not be used to study the glycocalyx because that particular method uses a dye.
17.
Shedding of the glycocalyx can be triggered by inflammatory stimuli, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF ).
18.
Because the glycocalyx is so prominent throughout the cardiovascular system, disruption to this structure has detrimental effects that can cause disease.
19.
A glycocalyx can also be found on the apical portion of microvilli within the digestive tract, especially within the small intestine.
20.
The glycocalyx plays a major role in regulation of endothelial vascular tissue, including the modulation of red blood cell volume in capillaries.
