The two cycles differ in that in the glyoxylate cycle, isocitrate is converted into glyoxylate and succinate by ICL instead of into ?-ketoglutarate.
12.
To utilize acetate from fat for biosynthesis of carbohydrates, the glyoxylate cycle, whose initial reactions are identical to the TCA cycle, is used.
13.
In plants, specifically seedlings, the glyoxylate cycle can be used to convert fatty acids ( acetate ) into the primary carbon source of the organism.
14.
The existence of glyoxylate cycles in humans has not been established, and it is widely held that fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose in humans directly.
15.
The glyoxylate cycle utilizes five of the eight enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle : citrate synthase, aconitase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase.
16.
The two initial steps of the glyoxylate cycle are identical to those in the citric acid cycle : " acetate ?! citrate ?! isocitrate ".
17.
With Hans Kornberg, he also discovered the glyoxylate cycle, which is a slight variation of the citric acid cycle found in plants, bacteria, protists, and fungi.
18.
The exact link between these two observations is still being explored, but it can be concluded that the glyoxylate cycle is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of these microbes.
19.
By diverting isocitrate from the TCA cycle, the actions of ICL and malate synthase in the glyoxylate cycle result in the net assimilation of carbon from 2-carbon compounds.
20.
In the next step, catalyzed by the first glyoxylate cycle enzyme, isocitrate lyase, isocitrate undergoes cleavage into succinate and glyoxylate ( the latter gives the cycle its name ).
