| 11. | The gular, humeral, pectoral, abdominal, femoral, and anal scutes.
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| 12. | Fur short, dense, and soft . Males have well developed gular sacs.
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| 13. | They have a short neck and the intergular scute completely separates the gular scutes.
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| 14. | The male has a striking red gular sac which it inflates to attract a mate.
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| 15. | The gular scales are bicarinate or tricarinate.
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| 16. | No gular sacs as in Taphozous longimanus.
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| 17. | At very high temperatures they also resort to gular fluttering and gaping to cool themselves.
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| 18. | Their eyes are grey and their bills and gular skin range from black to orange.
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| 19. | Some tortoises have paired gular scutes, while others have a single undivided gular scute.
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| 20. | Some tortoises have paired gular scutes, while others have a single undivided gular scute.
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