The white pith that lies between the outer rind and inner fruit of oranges contains massive amounts of the bioflavonoids hesperidin, quercetin, rutin ( a glycoside of quercetin ), and tangeritin.
12.
The roots of " Z . dipetalum " have been found to contain several chemical compounds, including canthin-6-one, chelerythrine, nitidine, tembetarine, avicennol, xanthoxyletin, lupeol, hesperidin, sitosterol, and magnoflorine.
13.
The leaves contain rutin, mucilage, volatile oils such as limonene and diosphenol ( or barosma camphor ) also menthone, quercetin, quercetrin, hesperidin, alpha-pinene, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, silicon, zinc, B 3 and vitamin C.
14.
The lignan sesamin, the N-isobutylamide ?-sanshool, the acridone alkaloids 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methylacridone, arborinine, xanthoxoline and 1-hydroxy-3-methoxyacridone can also be extracted from the bark as well as the alkaloids oblongine, tembetarine and magnoflorine and the flavonoid hesperidin.
15.
Chenpi contains volatile oils, nobiletin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, tangeridin, citromitin, synephrine, carotene, cryptoxanthin, inositol, vitamin B1 and vitamin C . Traditional Chinese herbal medicine utilizes the alcohol extracts of several citrus peels for specific health support, including those of mandarin orange ( Citrus reticulata Blanco ) and bitter orange ( C . aurantium ).
16.
Other anti-inflammatory agents ( hesperidin-citrus bioflavinoids, vitamin C, NSAIDs such as phenylbutazone ( bute ), corticosteroids, heated water vapor therapy, and cromoglycates ( i . e . cromolyn sodium and nedocromil ) have been looked at but demonstrate no beneficial effects in reducing EIPH severity, and bute has been shown to partially reverse the beneficial effects of Lasix.
