| 11. | First instar larvae bore into the buds of their host plant.
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| 12. | The eggs are laid on a variety of grass host plants.
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| 13. | The condition of the host plant influences the larval growth significantly.
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| 14. | They feed in the leaves or stems of their host plant.
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| 15. | It is thought they mine the leaves of their host plant.
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| 16. | They are solitary feeders within the stems of their host plant.
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| 17. | Young larvae probably bore in the cones of their host plant.
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| 18. | They feed externally on the young foliage of their host plant.
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| 19. | The pale yellow eggs are laid singly on the host plants.
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| 20. | They overwinter in the crowns and roots of their host plant.
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