Typically, three types of nuclear interactions may be observed : an isomeric shift, also known as a chemical shift; quadrupole splitting; and magnetic or hyperfine splitting, also known as the Zeeman effect.
12.
The importance of teleporting nuclear state is unclear : nuclear state does affect the atom, e . g . in hyperfine splitting, but whether such state would need to be teleported in some futuristic " practical " application is debatable.
13.
Since the Bohr model is not perfectly accurate, due to fine structure, hyperfine splitting, and other such effects, the Rydberg constant R _ { \ infty } cannot be " directly " measured at very high accuracy from the atomic transition frequencies of hydrogen alone.
14.
By fitting all observed bands, the rotational constants for N 2 H + were determined to be " B " " e " = 1.561928 cm " 1 and " D " " e " = 2.746x10 " 6 cm " 1, which are the only constants needed to determine the rotational spectrum of this linear molecule in the ground vibrational state, with the exception of determining hyperfine splitting.
