With their closed valence shells, the noble gases have the highest first ionization potentials in each of their periods, and feeble interatomic forces of attraction, with the latter property resulting in very low melting and boiling points.
12.
Pauling also considered the nature of the interatomic forces in metals, and concluded that about half of the five d-orbitals in the transition metals are involved in bonding, with the remaining nonbonding d-orbitals being responsible for the magnetic properties.
13.
He is best known for the Keating Model of interatomic forces in tetrahedrally-coordinated solids ( P . N . Keating, " Effect of Invariance Requirements On The Elastic Strain Energy of Crystals, With Application to the Diamond Structure ", Phys.
14.
If you place a tray onto a table, the tray and the table are exerting forces on each other-the tray is being pulled downwards by gravity-and the table has interatomic forces that resist motion and press upwards onto the tray to prevent it from moving.
15.
Also, the assumption that the black hole could eat everything in its light sphere is a wild overestimate since the force from a 200 kg black hole at even 1 mm distance is already much, much less than typical interatomic forces that hold matter together.
