The function of arping is analogous to the utility " ping " for probing the network with the Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) at the Internet Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite.
12.
Typically, some bandwidth is allocated by default to network control packets ( such as Internet Control Message Protocol and routing protocols ), while best effort traffic might simply be given whatever bandwidth is left over.
13.
MTR relies on Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) Time Exceeded ( type 11, code 0 ) packets coming back from routers, or ICMP Echo Reply packets when the packets have hit their destination host.
14.
For remote detection and diagnosis, the Internet Control Message Protocol provides an " echo " functionality, where a special packet is transmitted that always produces a reply after a certain number of network hops, from whichever node has just received it.
15.
Stacheldraht uses a number of different denial-of-service ( DoS ) attacks, including User Datagram Protocol ( UDP ) flood, Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) flood, Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ) SYN flood and Smurf attack.
16.
;Loop-back ( LB ) : Loop-back messages otherwise known as MAC ping are Unicast frames that a MEP transmits, they are similar in concept to an Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) Echo ( Ping ) messages, sending Loopback to successive MIPs can determine the location of a fault.
17.
While the Internet Protocol ( IP ) specification indicates that an Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) time exceeded message should be sent to the originator of the packet ( i . e . the node indicated by the source address ), the router may be configured to drop the packet silently ( again according to security policies ).
18.
Raw sockets are typically available in network equipment, and used for routing protocols such as the Internet Group Management Protocol ( IGMPv4 ) and Open Shortest Path First ( OSPF ), and in the Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP, best known for the ping suboperation ) for example, sends ICMP echo requests and receives ICMP echo replies.
19.
Under IPv4, a router that receives a protocol data unit ( PDU ) larger than the next hop's MTU has two options : drop the PDU and send an Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) message which indicates the condition " Packet too Big ", or fragment the IP packet and send it over the link with a smaller MTU . IPv6 hosts are required to determine the optimal Path MTU before sending packets; however, it is guaranteed that any IPv6 packet smaller than or equal to 1280 bytes must be deliverable.
