| 11. | The ovary is sessile and included in the involucre.
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| 12. | Head involucres are campanulate to cylindric or attenuate.
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| 13. | The involucre changes from greenish-white to dull brown as the fruit matures.
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| 14. | The genus is native in southern Europe, southwest and eastern Asia, and involucre.
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| 15. | The involucres are hemispheric to bell shaped.
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| 16. | The involucre are campanulate shaped and 5 6 mm wide, composed of five flowers.
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| 17. | The flowers are held in a bowl-shaped involucre of bracts with toothed edges.
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| 18. | From the involucre bloom about 8 golden ray florets around a center of hairless disc florets.
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| 19. | The involucre of the flower head is covered by hairy scales ending with a single grooved thorn.
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| 20. | It arises in clusters from the dorsal surface of the thallus each surrounded at the base a tubular involucre.
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