In response to a lowering of the plasma sodium concentration, or to a fall in the arterial blood pressure, the juxtaglomerular cells release renin into the blood.
12.
Macula densa cells are located in the distal convoluted tubule, and stimulate juxtaglomerular cells to release renin when they detect a drop in sodium concentration in tubular fluid.
13.
Extraglomerular mesangial cells are part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, along with the macula densa cells of the distal convoluted tubule and the juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole.
14.
The macula densa senses changes in sodium delivery to the distal tubule, and responds to a drop in tubular sodium load by stimulating renin release in the juxtaglomerular cells.
15.
The sodium chloride levels in the urinary filtrate are sensed by the macula densa cells at the end of the ATP and reduces prostaglandin E2 release to the juxtaglomerular cells nearby.
16.
The differential diagnosis of a renal tumor in a young patient with hypertension includes Juxtaglomerular cell tumor, Wilms'tumor, and renal cell carcinoma, all of which may produce renin.
17.
The differential diagnosis of kidney cancer in a young patient with hypertension includes juxtaglomerular cell tumor ( reninoma ), Wilms'tumor, and renal cell carcinoma, all of which may produce renin.
18.
Second, macula densa cells release prostaglandins, which triggers granular juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin into the bloodstream . ( The juxtaglomerular cells can also release renin independently of the macula densa.
19.
Second, macula densa cells release prostaglandins, which triggers granular juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin into the bloodstream . ( The juxtaglomerular cells can also release renin independently of the macula densa.
20.
Renin is secreted by renal juxtaglomerular cells and catalyses the conversion of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I which is the rate-limiting step in the production of angiotensin II . Angiotensin II induces hypertension and REN therefore requires tight expression control.
