It is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction of ketogenesis, a metabolic pathway that provides lipid-derived energy for various organs during times of carbohydrate deprivation, such as fasting.
12.
Ketogenesis occurs if oxaloacetate in the liver cells is depleted, a circumstance created by reduced carbohydrate intake ( through diet or starvation ), prolonged, excessive alcohol consumption, and / or insulin deficiency.
13.
AMP-activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) is reported to phosphorylate and inactivate liver ACC . This in turn decreases malonyl-CoA concentrations which stimulates fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis by glucagon in the liver.
14.
Acute FGF21 treatment induced hepatic expression of key regulators of gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, and ketogenesis including glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase type 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1?.
15.
In the liver ?-oxidation of fatty acids fulfills the local energy needs and may lead to ketogenesis ( creating ketone bodies out of fatty acids . ) The ketone bodies are then used to meet the demands of tissues other than the liver.
16.
In someone with type 1 diabetes, the problem with supplying so little overnight insulin that ketogenesis occurs is that it can quickly evolve to diabetic ketoacidosis and would be accompanied by several hours of marked hyperglycemia, which is damaging to blood vessels and contributes to long-term complications.
17.
Both the scientists together discovered HMG-CoA lyase, an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathway, thus broadening the understanding of the " formation of ketone bodies in mammals ", which was later elucidated further in his article " Enzymic cleavage of p-Hydroxy-f3-Methyl-Glutaryl coenzyme A 10 acetoacctate and acetyl coenzyme A . ", published in 1995.
18.
Question, then, couldn't it be OK to let ketogenesis have its way during sleep ( which is a short time after all ) and then correct it in the morning, instead of providing basal insulin at night and risk hypoglycemia in the morning ? ( Btw, by hyperglycemic agents I mean glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine ) Jack Daw 19 : 16, 23 July 2006 ( UTC)
