The following year, in 1883, the Egyptian minister of the interior Isma'il Aiyub issued a circulation forbidding the application of the kurbash after the death of a man by flogging provided a proximate cause for the illegality of the kurbash.
12.
One such explanation for this area of discrepancy in which there still maintained a strong use of the kurbash is that some reformists stood to benefit from its continued use : in order to keep crime rates low, some reformists ignored the use of the purportedly illegal whip.
13.
Early efforts to ban the whip came from the Egyptian government, as Khedive Isma'il ( r . 1863-1879 ) and Prime Minister Mustafa Riyad Pasha ( r . 1879-1881, 1888-1891, 1893-1894 ) both led unsuccessful efforts to suppress or ban the use of the kurbash and the similar practice of bastinado.
