By 10, 000 BCE the bottle gourd ( " Lagenaria siceraria " ) plant, used as a container before the advent of ceramic technology, appears to have been domesticated.
12.
Meanwhile, I have dozens of birdhouse gourds ( a variety of Lagenaria siceraria, the bottle gourd, which is native to Africa ) hanging from the trees on the farm, but no birds.
13.
Of the more than 20 varieties of Lagenaria siceraria, or bottle gourd, a few have rinds that can be used to flavor soup when the gourds are immature, but most are simply too bitter.
14.
More specifically, " gourd " refers to the fruits of plants in the two Cucurbitaceae genera " Lagenaria " and " Cucurbita ", or also to their hollow, dried-out shell.
15.
Approximately 6000 BC, these peoples were among the first to begin farming; among their early crops were bottle gourd, " Lagenaria siceraria ", and an early type of maize, " Zea mays"
16.
*Gourds, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus " Lagenaria ", which is in the same family and subfamily as " Cucurbita " but in a different tribe.
17.
Other kinds of gourd, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus " Lagenaria ", which is in the same family and subfamily as " Cucurbita " but in a different tribe.
18.
The " pahu " appears not to have been used in hula kui, evidently because its sacredness was respected by practitioners; the " ipu " gourd ( Lagenaria sicenaria ) was the indigenous instrument most closely associated with hula kui.
19.
A diffusion by human agents has been put forward to explain the pre-Columbian presence in Oceania of several cultivated plant species native to South America, such as the bottle gourd ( " Lagenaria siceraria " ) or sweet potato ( " Ipomoea batatas " ).
20.
The term " Bi in " ( " sopro " ) is translated as'breath'or'blow'alluding to the way in which the shaman recites the formulas, in a susurration of words with a " cuia " ( gourd made from the fruit of Lagenaria vulgaris ) near his mouth.
