A crystalline material consists of a regular array of atoms, arranged into lattice planes ( imagine stacking oranges in a grocery, each of the trays of oranges are the lattice planes ).
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A crystalline material consists of a regular array of atoms, arranged into lattice planes ( imagine stacking oranges in a grocery, each of the trays of oranges are the lattice planes ).
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Rocking curves ( left ) are plots of scattered electron intensity, as a function of the angle between an incident electron beam and the normal to a set of lattice planes in the specimen.
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The aim of the Ewald sphere is to determine which lattice planes ( represented by the grid points on the reciprocal lattice ) will result in a diffracted signal for a given wavelength, \ lambda, of incident radiation.
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Because each Kikuchi line is associated with Bragg diffraction from one side of a single set of lattice planes, these lines can be labeled with the same reciprocal-lattice indices that are used to identify individual diffraction spots.
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The reason why planes where the components ( in the reciprocal-lattice basis ) have rational ratios are of special interest is that these are the lattice planes : they are the only planes whose intersections with the crystal are 2d-periodic.
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For example, the diffraction peaks for the lattice planes ( 100 ) and ( 001 ) can be found at two different values of q for a tetragonal phase, but if the symmetry becomes cubic the two peaks will come to coincide.
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Once the lattice strains are calculated, the product of these values and the x-ray shear modulus, also known as the diffraction elastic constant GR ( HKL ), provides the stress on different lattice planes, ? ( HKL ).
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While in the case of tilted crystallites, domain walls, grain boundaries etc . orientation contrast occurs on a macroscopic scale, it can also be generated more locally around defects, e . g . due to curved lattice planes around a dislocation core.
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Viscous flow near grain boundaries, for example, can give rise to internal slip in the direction of any lattice plane containing the dislocation, while the principal driving force for " dislocation climb " is the movement or diffusion of vacancies through a crystal lattice.
