| 11. | Thus, the primary determinant of active layer thickness is the maximum temperature attained during the summer.
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| 12. | Newton s Law of Cooling are combined with the flux term derived above and the boundary layer thickness.
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| 13. | The critical design requirements are : a very high back mirror reflectivity and a moderate absorption layer thickness.
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| 14. | The dielectric layer thickness generated by the forming voltage is directly proportional to the voltage proof of electrolytic capacitors.
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| 15. | Attenuation of XPS signals from deeper layers by overlayers is often used in XPS to estimate layer thicknesses and depths.
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| 16. | The layer thicknesses were tightly controlled so that at the desired wavelength, reflected photons from each layer interfered constructively.
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| 17. | These oscillations can be used to infer layer thicknesses and other properties, for example using the Abeles matrix formalism.
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| 18. | A model analysis in then conducted in which this information is used to determine film layer thicknesses and refractive indices.
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| 19. | The better characteristic dimension would have been the boundary layer thickness, but fortunately the two dimensions were almost the same.
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| 20. | He found that for Prandtl number greater than 0.6, the thermal boundary layer thickness was approximately given by:
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