As with other bacterial gentoxicity and mutagenicity assays, compounds requiring metabolic activation for activity can be investigated with the addition of S9 microsomal rat liver extract.
12.
In the previous year, Elvehjem and his colleague Carl J . Koehn had found that a filtrate factor from a liver extract could cure diet-induced pellagra in chicks.
13.
This observation indicated the presence of an enzyme system within the studied liver extracts, which Bernheim named tyramine oxidase, since it was involved in the oxidation of tyramine.
14.
Buchner demonstrated that the conversion of glucose to ethanol was possible using a non-living extract of yeast ( due to the action of enzymes in the extract ).
15.
Dornier ( LLD ), which was used to make yogurt and other fermented dairy products . " Everyone knew " that the LLD growth media had to contain liver extract to work.
16.
Furthermore, while patients responded to crude liver extracts, they did not respond to the pure liver extracts ( vitamin B 12 ) which had been shown to treat true pernicious anaemia.
17.
Furthermore, while patients responded to crude liver extracts, they did not respond to the pure liver extracts ( vitamin B 12 ) which had been shown to treat true pernicious anaemia.
18.
These diets consisted of cornstarch, sucrose, butterfat without protein, corn oil, inorganic salts, the known vitamins, a large brown " candy " made of liver extract flavored with peppermint oil ( to supply any unknown vitamins ), and mixtures of highly purified individual amino acids.
19.
Shorb and colleagues used the LLD assay to rapidly extract the anti-pernicious anemia factor from liver extracts, and pure B 12 was isolated in this way by 1948, with the contributions of chemists Shorb, Karl A . Folkers of the United States and Alexander R . Todd of Great Britain.
