Acoustic isotropic radiators are possible because sound waves in a gas or liquid are longitudinal waves and not transverse waves.
12.
Thus, longitudinal waves could not explain birefringence, in which two polarizations of light are refracted differently by a crystal.
13.
However, longitudinal waves necessarily have only one form for a given propagation direction, rather than two polarizations like transverse wave.
14.
When the material inside this characteristic zone is stiffened due to hyperelastic properties, cracks propagate faster than the longitudinal wave speed.
15.
Tesla claimed that electromagnetic radiation consisted of longitudinal waves of compression and rarefaction, rather than transverse waves as called for by Maxwell.
16.
His thesis was titled " The effect of stress on the longitudinal wave velocity of an ultrasonic pulse in concrete ".
17.
Based on work on Maxwell's equations, Heaviside pronounced that longitudinal waves could not exist in a vacuum or a homogeneous medium.
18.
In the one-dimensional model, the atoms were restricted to moving along the line, so the phonons corresponded to longitudinal waves.
19.
Both longitudinal and transverse waves can be propagated through a solid, while, in general, only longitudinal waves are supported by fluids.
20.
The speed of a longitudinal wave ( the speed of sound ) through a thin rod of tungsten carbide is 6220 m / s.
